Riesgo de automatización de empleos en Colombia
un análisis de los determinantes de la vulnerabilidad de los trabajadores ante la disrupción tecnológica
Resumen
El impacto de las nuevas tecnologías en los resultados del mercado laboral ha sido estudiado extensamente en todo el mundo. Sin embargo, en Colombia hay pocos estudios que aborden sistemáticamente este tema central para el futuro de nuestra economía. Por lo tanto, este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la proporción de trabajadores cuyas ocupaciones tienen un alto riesgo de ser reemplazadas por la tecnología en Colombia. También explora las características personales, ocupacionales y empresariales que hacen que los trabajadores sean vulnerables a la cuarta revolución industrial. Utilizamos un Modelo Lineal Generalizado (GLM, por sus siglas en inglés) para demostrar que más de un tercio de los trabajadores tienen empleos con un alto riesgo de automatización. Sin embargo, variables como el nivel educativo, la formación laboral, el sector económico, entre otros, sirven como factores significativos que mitigan los impactos negativos del progreso tecnológico en el empleo.
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