Maritime Transportation and its Impact on Sustainability: A Review of the Literature
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the literature review on maritime transportation (MT) and its impact on sustainability, to minimize the emissions of toxic gases in Latin America. To achieve this, the Scopus database was chosen to search for scientific production registered in the last 20 years, using bibliometric tools, and with the support of Rstudio software, the network analysis of the discipline was constructed. The research type is quantitative and the current knowledge structure of the topic is presented through two stages, presenting the countries, journals, authors, and the most significant production; subsequently, three clusters or research perspectives that will be trends in the discipline are identified, such as energy efficiency and environmental sustainability, technologies under development for the decarbonization of MT, and finally, the environmental impact of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG) in a sustainable future. The results affirm the relevance of MT for international trade, leaving a significant mark on sustainability and the environment. It is concluded that the implementation of cleaner propulsion technologies, the use of more sustainable fuels, and the improvement of energy efficiency of ships keep the mt industry responsible for a large amount of emissions of toxic gases, such as CO2, NO2, and S, which contribute to climate change and air pollution.
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