Failed states: global or regional threat?

  • Antonio M. Camargo Universidad del Rosario
  • Freddy A Guáqueta Universidad del Rosario
  • Javier F Ramírez Universidad del Rosario
Keywords: Failed states, terrorism, refugees, ungoverned areas, international organized crime, global threat, regional threat

Abstract

Failed States have been understood as a global threat by virtue of the terrorist groups that emerge and consolidate in their interior, where they are supposed to plan international actions. This document, however, delimits the impact of the state failure to regional confines, inasmuch as the neighboring countries of a failed State are the ones that, through their borders, see their internal dynamics modified due to two main factors: the illegal traffic caused by the absence of effective controls on the part of the State, and the large quantities of refugees that cross the borders closest to their failed place of origin and settle in nearby countries. Therefore, it is refuted in good measure the idea that repercussions of the failure of some States, bring the invariable consequence of a terrorist attack of global dimensions; instead, it is a matter of recognizing that their regional neighbors are the ones that are impacted by the anomalies of the Failed States.

Author Biographies

Antonio M. Camargo, Universidad del Rosario
 Integrantes del Semillero de Estudios Políticos en la Posguerra Fría -SEPEP- de la Universidad del Rosario. Línea de investigación «Estados fallidos» antoniomcamargod@hotmail.com.
Freddy A Guáqueta, Universidad del Rosario
Integrantes del Semillero de Estudios Políticos en la Posguerra Fría -SEPEP- de la Universidad del Rosario. Línea de investigación «Estados fallidos» antoniomcamargod@hotmail.com.
Javier F Ramírez, Universidad del Rosario
Integrantes del Semillero de Estudios Políticos en la Posguerra Fría -SEPEP- de la Universidad del Rosario. Línea de investigación «Estados fallidos» antoniomcamargod@hotmail.com.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Languages:

es

Author Biographies

Antonio M. Camargo, Universidad del Rosario
 Integrantes del Semillero de Estudios Políticos en la Posguerra Fría -SEPEP- de la Universidad del Rosario. Línea de investigación «Estados fallidos» antoniomcamargod@hotmail.com.
Freddy A Guáqueta, Universidad del Rosario
Integrantes del Semillero de Estudios Políticos en la Posguerra Fría -SEPEP- de la Universidad del Rosario. Línea de investigación «Estados fallidos» antoniomcamargod@hotmail.com.
Javier F Ramírez, Universidad del Rosario
Integrantes del Semillero de Estudios Políticos en la Posguerra Fría -SEPEP- de la Universidad del Rosario. Línea de investigación «Estados fallidos» antoniomcamargod@hotmail.com.

References

ACNUR, 2008 global trends, ACNUR. 2009.

_____ Iraq Displacement (April 2008). http://www.unhcr.org/487ef7144.html

_____ Pakistan, Refugee camps in the North-West Frontier Province - January 2008. http://www.unhcr.org/3cc91a0b2.html

_____ Small-scale Emergencies in Africa, as of March 2009. http://www.unhcr.org/49b103204.html

_____ Tendencias globales sobre refugiados 2006, ACNUR. 2007.

Aidan Hehir, The Myth of the Failed State and the War on Terror: A Challenge to the Conventional Wisdom, Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1080/17502970701592256

Anna Simons y David Tucker, The Misleading Problem of Failed States: a 'socio-geography' of terrorism in the post-9/11 era, Third World Quarterly, Vol. 28, No. 2, 2007.

Angel Rabasa, et al, Ungoverned Territories Understanding and Reducing Terrorism Risks, 2007. http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/2007/RAND_MG561.pdf

Brennan M. Kraxberger, Failed states: temporary obstacles to democratic Diffusion or fundamental holes in the world political map?,Third World Quarterly, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436590701507420

Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja, Desplazados internos, CICR. 2008.

Consejo Nacional de Población, Migración mundial. 2005. http://www.conapo.gob.mx/mig_int/s2008/pdfs/01.pdf

CWS, Comission on Weak States and US National Security. On the Brink: Weak States and US National Security, 2004. http://www.cgdev.org/doc/books/weakstates/Full_Report.pdf

Dan Bulley, 'Foreign' Terror? London Bomings, Resistance and the 'Failing State', International Studies Association 48th Annual Convention, Hilton Chicago, 2007.

D. C. Jordan, Drug Politics: Dirty Money and Democracies. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999.

Edward Newman, Weak States, State Failure, and Terrorism, Terrorism and Political Violence, 2007.

Estrategia Europea de Seguridad, Una Europa Segura en un Mundo Mejor, 2003. http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cmsUpload/031208ESSIIES.pdf

Foreign Policy, Indice de Estados fallidos 2009. http://www.fp-es.org/estados_fallidos/index.html.

H.R. Friman, y P Andreas, eds., The Illicit Global Economy and State Power, Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1999.

Jeremy Hein, Refugees, immigrants and the State, Annual Reviews, 1993.

Liana Sun Wyler, Weak and Failing States: Evolving Security Threats and U.S. Policy, 2008. http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL34253.pdf

Luís Alberto Moreno, et al. A Failed Index?, Foreign Policy, No. 150, septiembre/octubre 2005.

Morten Boas & Kathleen Jenings, 'Failed States' and 'State Failure': Threats or Opportunities?, Globalizations Vol. 4, No. 4, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1080/14747730701695729

National Memorial Instfor the Prevention of Terrorism. (MIPT). http://www.start.umd.edu/start/data/tops/

NIC, National Intelligence Council, Mapping the Global Future,2004. http://www.foia.cia.gov/2020/2020.pdf

NSS, National Security Strategy of the United States of America, 2006. http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/nss.pdf

Patricia Moncada Roa, Los estados fallidos o fracasados: un debate inconcluso y sospechoso, Siglo del hombre editores, 2007.

Peter Tikuisis, On the relationship between weak states and terrorism, Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 2009.

Pinar Bilgin y Adam Morton D., Historicising representations of 'failed states': beyond the cold-war annexation of the social sciences?. Third World Quarterly, Vol 23, No 1, 2002.

PNUD, Informe sobre Desarrollo Humano 2009, Grupo Mundi-Prensa, 2009.

Quentin Reed, Squeezing a Balloon? Challenging the nexus between organised crime and corruption, 2009. http://www.cmi.no/publications/file/3399-squeezing-a-balloon.pdf

Robert Dorff, Failed States After 9/11: What Did We Know and What Have We Learned?, International Studies Perspectives, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-3577.2005.00191.x

Robert I. Rotberg, Failed States in a World of Terror, Foreign Affairs, julio/agosto 2002.

Stewart Patrick, Are 'Ungoverned Spaces' a Threat? 2010. http://www.cfr.org/publication/21165/are_ungoverned_spaces_a_threat.html?breadcrumb=%2Fbios%2F5863%2Fstewart_m_patrick

_____ Weak States and Global Threats: Fact or Fiction? 2006. http://www.twq.com/06spring/docs/06spring_patrick.pdf

The 9/11 Comission Report, Final Report of the National Comission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, 2003. http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/nss.pdf

The Fund For Peace. Failed States Index 2009. http://www.fundforpeace.org/web/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99&Itemid=140.

The National Security Strategy of the United Kingdom, Security in an Interdependent World, 2008. http://interactive.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/documents/security/national_security_strategy.pdf

The White House, The National Security Strategy of the United States of America, 2006. http://Georgewbush-Whitehouse.Archives.Gov/Nsc/Nss/2006/Nss2006.Pdf

United States Deparment of Defence, Quadrennial Defense Review Report , 2001.http://www.defense.gov/pubs/pdfs/qdr2001.pdf

United States Deparment of Defence, Quadrennial Defense Review Report, 2006. http://www.defense.gov/qdr/report/Report20060203.pdf

United States Deparment of Defence, The National Defence Strategy of the United States of America, 2005. http://www.defense.gov/news/Apr2005/d20050408strategy.pdf

United States Deparment of Defence, National Defence Strategy, 2008. http://www.defense.gov/news/2008%20National%20Defense%20Strategy.pdf

UNODC, United nations convention against transnational organized crime and the protocols thereto, 2004. http://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNTOC/Publications/TOC%20Convention/TOCCebook-e.pdf

UNODC, Towards security and justice for all: making the world safer from drugs, crime and terrorism, 2006. http://www.unodc.org/pdf/ctoccop_2006/V0657207e.pdf

UNODC, Promoting the Rule of Law and Human Security in South Eastern Europe Regional Programme (2009-2011), 2009. http://www.unodc.org/documents/commissions/WG-GOVandFiN/Regional_Programme_endorsed.pdf

UNODC, Transnational Trafficking and the Rule of Law in West Africa: A Threat Assessment, 2009. http://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/Studies/West_Africa _Report_2009.pdf

UNODC, An assessment of transnational organized crime in Central Asia, 2007. http://www.unodc.org/documents/organized-crime/Central_Asia_Crime_Assessment.pdf

UNODC, Illicit Drug Trends in Afghanistan, 2008. http://www.unodc.org/documents/regional/centralasia/Illicit%20Drug%20Trends%20Report_Afg%2013%20|une%202008.pdf

US Committee for Refugees and Immigrants (USCRI), World Refugee Survey 2009. http://www.refugees.org/FTP/WRS09PDFS/RefuandAsylumseek.pdf

U.S. Department of State, Country Reports on Terrorism 2008, 2009. http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/122599.pdf

Viceng Fisas, Cultura de paz y gestión de conflictos, Icaria Editorial S. A., 1998. W. Reno, Warlord Politics and African States. Boulder, 1998.

How to Cite
Camargo, A. M., Guáqueta, F. A., & Ramírez, J. F. (2010). Failed states: global or regional threat?. Revista De Relaciones Internacionales, Estrategia Y Seguridad, 5(2), 73–108. https://doi.org/10.18359/ries.2560
Published
2010-09-12

Altmetric

Crossref Cited-by logo
QR Code

Some similar items: