Autochthonous microbial consortium for diesel contaminated water treatment from Toas Island harbor (Venezuela)
Abstract
The biological treatment of contaminated water using autochthonous microbial consortia harnesses the metabolic potential of different groups of microorganisms to degrade and/or remove a wide variety of compounds. Additionally, biostimulation and bioaumentation techniques contribute to enhance the capabilities of these biodegradation processes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of an autochthonous microbial consortium (Chlorella spp.-bacteria) for the treatment of water from the Toas island harbor (Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela), contaminated with 1% v/v diesel. For this, two treatments (T1: biostimulated and T2: bioaumented) and a control for 70 days were used, at a scale of 20 L and controlled environmental conditions. During the tests, temperature, pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrite, nitrate, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total nitrogen (N-total), orthophosphate, total phosphorus (P-total), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), hydrocarbon fractions (SARA), microalgal and bacterial density, and photosynthetic pigments were monitored, according to standardized methods. The mean values for organic matter removal (COD), N-total and P-total, were: 23.3±2.3; 35.2±4.5 and 64.6±4.8%, of 27.6±1.64; 79.8±2.05 and 87.7±1.95%, and of <0.1; 16.1±0.38 and 44.7±1.18%, to the control, T1 and T2, respectively. The final concentrations of HTP were above the permissible limit of Venezuelan regulations for discharge to natural water bodies; however, high rates of removal of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons (>70%) were obtained, particularly in the bioaumented treatment (T2). The autochthonous microbial consortia have great potential for the bio-recovery of water from the Toas island harbor, contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, which is why it is recommended to continue investigating this treatment technology.
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Observatorio Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (ONCTI), Proyecto PEII Nro. 2011001259, Consejo de Desarrollo Científico y Humanístico (CONDES) de La Universidad del Zulia, Proyecto Nro. CC-0592-14References
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