Desarrollo de fármacos antihelmínticos: actualización de candidatos a fármacos y dianas terapéuticas en el manejo de las geohelmintiasis
Resumen
Se estima que 1500 millones de personas en el mundo están infectadas por algún geohelminto. La disminución de la eficacia de los medicamentos antihelmínticos utilizados en la estrategia de quimioterapia preventiva, reportada particularmente para la especie Trichuris trichiura, motiva la búsqueda de otros antihelmínticos para enfrentar esta situación y evitar la posible resistencia ante este grupo de fármacos. Objetivos: esta revisión se centra en conocer el estado actual de la investigación en dianas terapéuticas y candidatos a fármacos antihelmínticos reportados en la literatura desde 2013 hasta 2021. Resultados: se recopiló la información de 28 trabajos de investigación que comprenden desarrollos desde la fase in silico hasta la fase de investigación clínica. La mayoría de los trabajos corresponde a desarrollos en las ciencias ómicas; desde la corrección en anotaciones de genomas hasta la identificación de familias proteicas fundamentales para los mecanismos de patogenicidad. Conclusión: la información referente a dianas y candidatos a fármacos, disponible en esta revisión, es una aproximación para seguir explorando las posibles aplicaciones y el desarrollo experimental de estos fármacos para el control de las geohelmintiasis.
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