Optimización multiobjetivo de las redes de prestación de servicios de salud pública
Resumen
Brindar un servicio de salud efectivo como Estado equivale a dar la vida. Los servicios de salud, cuyo pilar es optimizar la cadena de suministro con políticas públicas basadas en la equidad, corresponden a brindar vida. Identificar todas las variables y características de los servicios permite desarrollar un modelo multiobjetivo para representar una red de servicios públicos de salud. En este estudio, se ha analizado un caso de la Red Pública Nacional de Colombia, minimizando costos y con- tribuyendo a la toma de decisiones. En este trabajo se ha propuesto un enfoque multiobjetivo para optimizar la Red Pública Nacional en Colombia. El esquema propuesto combina técnicas matemáticas con aspectos gerenciales relacionados con la red pública de salud. Así, identificamos la distribución de los servicios por municipio para minimizar el costo total y maximizar la cobertura. Se sugiere la apertura de servicios de acuerdo a la exigente complejidad y transporte de pacientes entre instituciones. Los resultados contrastan con los servicios hospitalarios actuales del Valle del Cauca en Colombia. Los resultados del esquema propuesto muestran una reducción en el traslado de pacientes con un mínimo incremento en los costos de los servicios hospitalarios. La propuesta de servicio se basa en mejorar el acceso y la calidad en la prestación de los servicios, evitando la duplicidad de oferta y generando un impacto en la sostenibilidad de la red del Valle del Cauca.
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