Hipotiroidismo en mujeres en la posmenopausia, prevalencia en el Eje Cafetero, Colombia, 2016-2019

Resumen

El objetivo es determinar la prevalencia de hipotiroidismo en mujeres en la posmenopausia, en el Eje Cafetero. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal en 469 participantes. Se ingresaron mujeres mayores de 40 años, en la posmenopausia, que asistieron a la consulta externa para atención por patología ginecológica; entre julio de 2016 y junio de 2019, en tres clínicas privadas de carácter universitario, en el Eje Cafetero, Colombia. Se excluyeron mujeres con diagnóstico previo de hipotiroidismo o que se negaron a participar. Muestreo aleatorio simple. Variables medidas: sociodemográficas, clínicas y quirúrgicas. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: la edad media fue de 56,47 ± 7,14 años. La media de los valores de la tsh en la población global fue de 3,71 ± 1,94 μUI/mL, con tendencia al incremento a medida del aumento de la edad. La prevalencia de hipotiroidismo en mujeres en la posmenopausia fue del 48,61 % (n = 228/469) (IC95 %: 37,83-54,15), en el Eje Cafetero; siendo más elevada en las obesas (54,41 %; IC95 %, 43,29-49,41 %) y en las mayores de 60 (52,35 %; IC95 %: 20,64-31,77). Se detectaron anticuerpos antitiroideos antiperoxidasa (AC-TPO) en el 46,05 % (n = 105/228) y los antitiroglobulina (TgAb) en el 21,05 % (n = 48/228) de las mujeres hipotiroideas, evidenciándose un fenómeno autoinmune en el 3,26 % (n = 153/469) de la población total estudiada. El sobrepeso, el incremento de la edad y la presencia de anticuerpos antitiroideos aumentan significativamente la prevalencia de hipotiroidismo (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: el 48,61 % de las mujeres del Eje Cafetero en la posmenopausia presentan hipotiroidismo.

Biografía del autor/a

Franklin José Espitia De La Hoz, Clínica del Café

MD, Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hathor, Clínica Sexológica, Clínica del Café. Armenia, Colombia.

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Biografía del autor/a

Franklin José Espitia De La Hoz, Clínica del Café

MD, Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hathor, Clínica Sexológica, Clínica del Café. Armenia, Colombia.

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Cómo citar
Espitia De La Hoz, F. J. (2021). Hipotiroidismo en mujeres en la posmenopausia, prevalencia en el Eje Cafetero, Colombia, 2016-2019. Revista Med, 28(2), 61–70. https://doi.org/10.18359/rmed.4868
Publicado
2021-06-04
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