Redes de colaboración empresarial para pymes
una revisión al estado del arte
Resumen
Según datos de la Cámara de Comercio de Bogotá a partir de 2019 se ha visto un incremento en el número de empresas que han cancelado sus operaciones. A pesar de una ligera recuperación a principios de 2020, la crisis económica y social desatada por la pandemia de la COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) ha sido implacable con el empresariado local y ha afectado principalmente al sector de las pymes. Las tasas de desempleo distrital llegaron al 16,3 % a finales de 2020 y la retracción del PIB local se acercó al 6,4 %. Como alternativa para el incremento de la competitividad y la innovación en las pymes, así como opción para su supervivencia en tiempos de crisis, en las últimas dos décadas alrededor del mundo se ha trabajado e implementado la estrategia de las plataformas colaborativas. El concepto de colaboración empresarial se asocia con la resiliencia económica de las organizaciones humanas al proponer prácticas innovadoras y movilización de recursos en respuesta a las dificultades y retos existentes. En este sentido el presente artículo tiene como propósito hacer una revisión al estado del arte de las redes de colaboración empresarial, exponiendo sus principales características, las fases de su implementación, su formulación, métodos de análisis y aplicaciones prácticas, con el propósito de exponer la conveniencia, alcance y posibles limitaciones de esta estrategia como opción para las pymes locales que permita mitigar su creciente cierre con los impactos económicos y sociales que esto implica. Palabras clave: redes de colaboración, pymes, innovación, crisis
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