Phenolics with Leishmanicidal and Immunomodulatory Properties
Resumen
La leishmanioisis permanece actualmente como un problema de salud pública que ha cobrado gran relevancia, sobre todo en países en vía de desarrollo, en cuya mayoría, la enfermedad es endémica. El incremento de reportes de fallo terapéutico por la aparición de cepas resistentes así como la severidad de los efectos adversos conocidos para los tratamientos actuales, han hecho imperativa la búsqueda de nuevos agentes antileishmaniales. En ésta búsqueda se ha establecido que, adicional al efecto parasitocida, un potencial inmunomodulador podría contribuir significativamente en la terapéutica contra leishmaniosis. Una observación importante, a través de los resultados relacionados con compuestos que poseen efecto inmunomodulador, es la actividad parasitocida selectiva contra la forma amastigote internalizada en macrófagos, ya que la acción contra promastigotes es prácticamente nula. No obstante, en la literatura se encuentran muy pocos ejemplos de este tipo de acciones aunque son muy interesantes. Por lo tanto, el presente trabajo muestra una revisión acerca de compuestos fenólicos con potencial antileishmanial, cuyo mecanismo sugerido es la inmunomodulación.
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