Estabilización anaerobia mesofílica y termofílica de lodos activados provenientes de la industria cervecera
Resumen
En esta investigación, se evaluó la degradación de lodos activados provenientes de una industria cervecera ubicada en el Estado Zulia (Venezuela) bajo condiciones mesofílicas (CM), a 37º C y condiciones termofílicas (CT), a 55º C mediante el uso de un digestor anaerobio de crecimiento suspendido y mezcla completa de 3,5 L, que trabajó con flujo discontinuo. Se evaluaron tiempos de retención hidráulicos (TRH), de 30, 25 y 15 días. Las mayores remociones se obtuvieron al aplicar la carga orgánica volumétrica (COV), de 1 kg DQO m3 /d (TRH de 30 días), en la cual se removió el 32% de la DQOtotal, 10% de sólidos totales (ST), y 29% de sólidos volátiles (SV), para la CM y 59%, 32% y 43% para DQOtotal, ST y SV respectivamente en la CT. La concentración de metano en el biogás estuvo cerca al 60% para ambas condiciones, y la concentración de ácidos grasos volátiles (AGV) se mantuvo siempre menor a 35 mg/L, indicando que toda la DQO acidificada fue transformada a metano.Descargas
Lenguajes:
esAgencias de apoyo:
Universidad del Zulia, Universidad de BarcelonaReferencias bibliográficas
American Public Health Association (APHA). American Water Works Association (AWWA), Water Environment Federation (WEF) (1998). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (20 ed). Washington: American Public Health Association.
Arnaiz, C.; Gutiérrez, J; Lebrato, J (2006) Biomass stabilization in the anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludges; En: Bioresource Technology, Vol. 97, 1179-1184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.05.010
Bolzonella, David; Pavan, Paolo; Battistoni, Paolo; Cecchi, Franco; (2005) Mesophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge: influence of the solid retention time in the wastewater treatment process; En: Process Biochemistry, Vol. 40, pp. 1453-1460.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2004.06.036
Castillo, Edgar; Cristancho, Diego; Arellano, Victor (2006) Study of operational conditions for anaerobic digestion of urban solid wastes; En: Waste Management, Vol. 26, pp. 546-556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2005.06.003
De la Rubia, M; Pérez, M; Romero, L; Sales, D (2006) Effect of solids retention time (SRT) on pilot scale anaerobic thermophilic sludge digestion; En: Process Biochemistry, Vol. 41, pp. 79-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2005.03.073
Forster-Carneiro, T; Fernandez, G; Perez, M; Romero, L; Alvarez, C (2004) Optimization of start up phase from municipal solids waste in SEBAC process; En: Chem. Biochem. Eng., Vol. 18, pp. 429-439.
Forster-Carneiro, T; Pérez, M; Romero, L (2007a) Composting potential of different noculum sources in the modified SEBAC system treatment of municipal solid wastes; En: Bioresource technology, Vol. 98, pp. 3354-3366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.10.024
Forster-Carneiro, T; Pérez, M; Romero, L; Sales, D (2007b) Dry-thermophilic anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of the municipal solid waste: Focusing on the inoculum sources; En: Bioresource technology, Vol. 98, pp. 3195-3203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.07.008
Fuentes, Ana; Lloréns, Mercedes; Sáez, José; Aguilar, María; Ortu-o, Juan; Meseguer, Victor (2008) Comparative study of six different sludges by sequential speciation of heavy metals; En: Bioresource technology, Vol. 99, pp. 517-525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.01.025
Gallert, C; Winter, J (2008) Propionic acid accumulation and degradation during restart of a full-scale anaerobic biowaste digester; En: Bioresource technology, Vol.99, pp. 170-178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.11.014
Gavala, Hariklia; Yenal, Umur; Skiadas, Ioannis; Westermann, Peter; Ahring, Birgitte (2003) Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of primary and secondary sludge. Effect of pre-treatment at elevated temperature; En: Water Research, Vol.37, pp. 4561-4572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00401-9
Gómez, X; Cuetos, M; Cara, J; Morán, A; García, A (2006) Anaerobic co-digestion of primary sludge and the fruit and vegetable fraction of the municipal solid wastes Conditions for mixing and evaluation of the organic loading rate; En: Renewable Energy, Vol. 31, pp. 2017-2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2005.09.029
Horan, N; Fletcher, L; Betmal, S; Wilks, S; Keevil, C (2004). Die-off of enteric bacterial pathogens during mesophilic anaerobic digestion; En: Water Research, Vol. 38, pp. 1113-1120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2003.12.004
Jjemba, Patrick, (2004). Environmental Microbiology, Plymouth, Science Publisher,372 p.
Kaparaju, Prasad; Buendia, Inmaculada; Ellegaard, Lars; Angelidakia, Irini (2008) Effects of mixing on methane production during thermophilic anaerobic digestión of manure: Lab-scale and pilot-scale studies, En: Bioresource technology, Vol. 99,pp. 4919-4928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.09.015
Lu, Jingquan; Gavala, Hariklia; Skiadas, Ioannis; (2008) Improving anaerobic sewage sludge digestion by implementation of a hyper-thermophilic prehydrolysis step; En: Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 88, pp.881-889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.04.020
Mata-Alvarez, J; Macé, S; Llabrés, P (2000) Anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes. An overview of research achievements and perspectives; En: Bioresource Technology, Vol. 74, pp. 3-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(00)00023-7
Programa de Pesquisas em Saneamento Básico PROSAB (1999). Tratamento de Esgotos Sanitarios por Processo Anaerobio e Disposicao Controlada no solo (1ed). Rio de Janeiro: RiMa.
Smith, S; Lang, N; Cheung, K; Spanoudaki, K (2005) Factors controlling pathogen destruction during anaerobic digestion of biowastes; En: Waste Management, Vol.25, pp. 417-425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2005.02.010
Sosnowski P; Wieczorek, A; Ledakowicz, S (2003). Anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and organic fraction of municipal solid wastes; En: Advances in Environmental Research, Vol. 7, pp. 609-616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1093-0191(02)00049-7
Bolzonella David; Fatone Francesco; Pavan Paolo; Cecchi Franco. (2008).Mesophilic, thermophilic and temperature phased anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge. A pilot scale study. IX Taller y Simposio Latinoamericano de Digestión Anaerobia. 19 al 23 de Octubre. Isla de Pascua, Chile.