Interpretación paleoambiental de los sedimentos del último milenio en la Ciénaga de Marriaga, Delta de Atrato, Colombia
Resumen
En este estudio se presenta la primera reconstrucción paleoambiental de los últimos 1130 años de la Ciénaga de Marriaga en el delta del río Atrato, en el noroeste de Colombia. Los análisis geoquímicos de un núcleo de sedimento de 220 cm recuperado en la ciénaga revelan episodios climáticos interesantes y cambios sedimentarios en el último milenio. Se dividió el núcleo en tres segmentos, según las características de los sedimentos, el contenido de carbono orgánico (CO) y las edades geológicas. Los registros muestran diferentes alternancias de períodos húmedos y secos, la productividad biológica, precipitación de carbonato, grado de meteorización y altas concentraciones de metales pesados. Los segmentos también coinciden con las diferencias geoquímicas determina- das por las relaciones (ZR+RB)/Sr, Ca/Ti Mn/Fe, CO/Ti, Mg/Ca Ba/Al, Sr/Al Ca/Al. La secuencia inferior (entre 1130 ± 90 a y 870 ± 70 a) muestra un período seco con inundaciones intermitentes y una alta producción de CO en condiciones subaéreas, seguida de un entorno más húmedo entre 870 ± 70 años y 530 ± 40 años, con agotamiento de las proporciones de oligoelementos y CO. El período más reciente (530 ± 40 a al presente) evidencia un ambiente dominado por el régimen fluvial, basado en una relación Ca/Al más baja y un aumento de CO. Las correlaciones estadísticas muestran tres gru- pos principales que distinguen entre la productividad biológica orgánica, los componentes de la roca madre y los aportes de metales pesados.
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