Carga mecánica como regulador de la osteogénesis en células madre mesenquimales humanas
Resumen
El papel de la estimulación mecánica en la diferenciación de las células madre mesenquimales humanas (CMMHs) es una alternativa terapéutica para aplicaciones en ingeniería tisular. Este estudio evaluó el efecto de cargas mecánicas sobre la diferenciación de las CMMHs, y los mecanismos celulares que intervienen en el proceso de mecanotransducción. Las CMMHs se sembraron en frascos de cultivo de 75cm2 y fueron expuestas a tensión uniaxial de deformación de 500, 1000, 1500 y 2000 micro strains (μH), con una intensidad de 9 ciclos/minuto por 3 horas durante 4 días consecutivos. Se evaluó la actividad transcripcional de los factores de transcripción Runx2 y Sox9 y de los genes de Osteocalcina (OC), Colágeno tipo 1 (Col-1) y Fosfatasa Alcalina (ALP). Después de la exposición al estímulo, los marcadores osteogénicos Col-1, OC, y ALP se expresaron temporalmente; y los factores de transcripción Runx2 y Sox9 disminuyeron la expresión con respecto a las células de grupo control (sin estímulo), sugiriendo que el estímulo mecánico indujo la diferenciación de las células CMMHs a linaje osteoblástico. La identificación de los genes que traducen los estímulos mecánicos en las CMMHs y modulan la diferenciación osteogénica, tienen proyección directa en medicina regenerativa a través del desarrollo y perfeccionamiento del enfoque de ingeniería de tejidos funcionales.Descargas
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