Modelo de toma de decisiones bioéticas en ciencias de la salud
Resumen
La importancia de la toma de decisiones éticas en ciencias de la salud ha promovido la generación de esquemas que orientan este proceso. El objetivo es proponer un modelo teórico de toma de decisiones bioéticas. Se hizo una búsqueda y revisión de la literatura en bases de datos y bibliotecas electrónicas con palabras clave, se identificaron y analizaron once modelos de toma de decisiones éticas según parámetros establecidos y se incluyeron resultados de estudios sobre el tema. Los esquemas analizados plantean una toma de decisiones basada en la razón a partir de un número variable de pasos cognitivos y, en general, aportan pocos elementos para su aplicación práctica. Se planteó el Modelo de Integración Razón Emoción para la Toma de Decisiones Bioéticas en Ciencias de la Salud. Este modelo sintetiza los pasos cognitivos para tomar decisiones adecuadas, mediante la integración de la razón y la emoción, la posibilidad de aplicación de diversos marcos éticos y la puesta en juego de la competencia ética y las habilidades de pensamiento crítico.
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