Estatus personal en la discapacidad intelectual: considerando las capacidades cognitivas

  • Yordanis Enríquez Canto Universidad Católica Sedes Sapientiae – Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Palabras clave: Discapacidad intelectual, cognición, cuerpo humano, capacidades cognitivas

Resumen

Algunos enfoques bioéticos consideran central la racionalidad en la noción de persona. Jeff McMahan supedita la condición personal a las capacidades cognitivas, por consecuencia quien presenta discapacidad intelectual no es considerado persona. La noción de persona es central en la Bioética general y medular en la fundamentación de tratados y convenciones. El modelo considerado influye en la bioética clínica, ya que la práctica biomédica deduce normas a partir de reflexiones teóricas. El artículo examina el criterio de las capacidades cognitivas para determinar la condición personal en la discapacidad intelectual empleando la crítica a la teoría ideal. A tal fin, se parte de las críticas a la teoría ideal identificando problemas en la idealización de capacidades. Posteriormente se describe la discapacidad intelectual y cómo esta es contrastada por las conceptualizaciones de Jeff McMahan. Seguidamente se realiza un análisis de cuatro limitaciones del criterio de las capacidades cognitivas para establecer la condición personal. Por último, se argumenta que la corporeidad complementa los modelos que en Bioética describen la persona humana. El criterio de las capacidades cognitivas no debe considerarse normativo puesto que la corporeidad condiciona la pérdida de nuestras capacidades y expone a la discapacidad misma.

Biografía del autor/a

Yordanis Enríquez Canto, Universidad Católica Sedes Sapientiae – Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
PhD en Bioética por la Universidad Católica del Sacro Cuore de Milán. Experto en el área del consejo genético y la discapacidad. Investigador con diversas publicaciones internacionales.

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Disciplinas:

Bioética

Lenguajes:

es

Biografía del autor/a

Yordanis Enríquez Canto, Universidad Católica Sedes Sapientiae – Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
PhD en Bioética por la Universidad Católica del Sacro Cuore de Milán. Experto en el área del consejo genético y la discapacidad. Investigador con diversas publicaciones internacionales.

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Cómo citar
Enríquez Canto, Y. (2018). Estatus personal en la discapacidad intelectual: considerando las capacidades cognitivas. Revista Latinoamericana De Bioética, 18(35-2), 226–241. https://doi.org/10.18359/rlbi.3137
Publicado
2018-06-08

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