Aplicaciones de caucho reciclado: Una revisión de la literatura
Resumen
La generación de residuos de caucho se ha convertido en una preocupación global por su impacto negativo en el medio ambiente y en la salud humana. La legislación ambiental sobre la disposición de este tipo de residuos ha venido aumentando las exigencias a los fabricantes, comercializadores y usuarios, con lo cual se ha acelerado la búsqueda de alternativas para el reaprovechamiento de los residuos de caucho. Este artículo presenta una revisión bibliográfica acerca de las principales tendencias en la utilización del caucho reciclado, incluyendo aplicaciones actualmente comercializadas y otras derivadas, tanto de estudios terminados, como de líneas de investigación en desarrollo. Las aplicaciones con mayor potencial de volumen consumido son del sector infraestructura y construcciones civiles, especialmente asfaltos, concretos y materiales aislantes para construcción liviana. Algunas aplicaciones con potencial en el futuro cercano son los filtros para la limpieza de aguas contaminadas y como componente en materiales compuestos con matriz termoplástica o en poliuretano. Por último, se evidencia la pertinencia de continuar investigando sobre esta temática que posee unos retos científicos de alta relevancia, los cuales ameritan la mayor atención por el problema ambiental significativo asociado al manejo de los residuos de caucho.
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Sistema de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación (SENNOVA)Referencias bibliográficas
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